StringUtils

org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils Example

Photo of Rivu Chakraborty Rivu ChakrabortyDecember 16th, 2014Last Updated: January 12th, 2015
0 1,006 13 minutes read

In this example we are going to elaborate the use of the StringUtils class in the package: org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils or previously org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils, as the package name says, it is a member of the Apache Commons Lang, and deals with String Manipulation. As like other classes of the Apache Commons This class also provides us with some really helpful methods. The methods of this class as other classes of Apache Commons are wrappers for very important tasks regarding String Manipulation so the code which implemented those methods becomes significantly smaller, cleaner and understandable comparing to other programs where those functionalities are written manually.

 

1. The StringUtils class overview, Fields & Methods.

First of all let me clarify one thing, there are two StringUtils class in Apache Commons, 1. org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils (Commons Lang 2.x API) and 2. org.apache.commons.lang3.StrinUtils (Commons Lang 3.1 API and later). Here we will discuss the second one as it is the updated version. All the member methods of the StringUtils class are static so it is never required to create an object or to use the constructor of the StringUtils class in standard programming, rather you will use it by the class name and appropiate method names, such as: StringUtils.method1(param). Some methods behavior of org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils class slightly differs from the  org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils class and also some new fields are included in the org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils class. I will note them wherever applicable.

The StringUtils class defines some words related to String handling.

  • null: null
  • empty: A zero-length string ("")
  • space: The space character (' ', char 32)
  • whitespace: The characters that are defined by Character.isWhitespace(char)
  • trim: The characters <= 32 as in String.trim()

1.1 The StringUtils Fields

  • static String CR: This field contains a field for Carriage Return (“\r”), Was not in lang.StringUtils.
  • static String EMPTY: This field contains the Empty (“”) String.
  • static int INDEX_NOT_FOUND: This field represents a failed index search.
  • static String LF: This field contains a String for linefeed (“\n”), Was not in lang.StringUtils.
  • static String SPACE: This field contains a String for a space character, Was not in lang.StringUtils.

1.2 StringUtils Method Summary

StringUtils handles null input Strings quietly. That is to say that a null input will return null, so there should never be any NullPointerException.Here we will discuss about the most important methods found in the org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils class. Then we will gradually move to using them.

  1. static String abbreviate(String str,int offset,int maxWidth) : This method abbreviates the String provided using ellipses, the offset parameter is optional. Throws an IllegalArgumentException if the maxWidth is lesser than minimum specified (varies with providing the offset or not).
  2. static String abbreviateMiddle(String str,String middle,int length) : This method abbreviates a String to the length replacing the middle characters with the supplied replacement String.
  3. static String appendIfMissing(String str,CharSequence suffix,CharSequence... suffixes) : This method appends the suffix(2nd parameter) a String(1st Parameter) to the end if the String does not already ends with any of the suffixes (3rd parameter, may be escaped).This method is newly indtroduced in API 3.2 (lang3.StringUtils). Also there is another method: prependIfMissing(String str,CharSequence prefix,CharSequence... prefixes) to add prefixes to the beginning, this is also a new method in API 3.2
  4. static String center(String str,int Size,char padChar) : This method returns the supplied String after centering it to a larger String of size size, it uses the supplied character (space character if escaped) to pad the String. There are also methods like leftPad(String str,int size,char padChar),rightPad(String str,int size,char padChar) to pad Strings to left or right.
  5. static String chomp(String str) : This method returns the supplied String after removing one newline character from the end of a String (if it is there). a newline character is : “\n”, “\r”, or “\r\n”.
  6. static String chop(String str) : This method returns the supplied String by simply removing the last character.
  7. static boolean contains(CharSequence str,CharSequence searchStr) : This method check if the CharSequence contains the search CharSequence. Returns true if contains and false if not or if the CharSequence is null. There is also a method containsNone(CharSequence cs, char... searchChars) performs just the opposite thing, i.e. returns true if it does not contain the characters and false if does
  8. static String deleteWhitespace(String str) : This method returns the supplied String after deleting all whitespaces from it.
  9. static String difference(String str1,String str2) : This method compares two Strings provided, and returns the portion from the second String where they differ.
  10. static boolean endsWith(CharSequence str,CharSequence suffix) : This method checks if a charsequence ends with a specified suffix. The comparison is case sensitive. Two null references are considered to be equal. There is another method static boolean startsWith(CharSequence str,CharSequence preffix) to check if a charsequence starts with a specified preffix.
  11. static boolean equals(CharSequence cs1,CharSequence cs2) : This method compares two CharSequences, returning true if they represent equal sequences of characters.
  12. static String getCommonPrefix(String... strs) : This method compares all Strings in an array and returns the initial (in the beginning of the Strings) sequesnce of characters that is common to all of them.
  13. static double getJaroWinklerDistance(CharSequence first,CharSequence second) : This method calculates the Jaro Winkler distance (which indicates the similarity score) between two Strings. The Jaro measure is the weighted sum of percentage of matched characters from each String and transposed characters. Winkler increased this measure for matching initial characters. This implementation is based on the Jaro Winkler similarity algorithm from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro%E2%80%93Winkler_distance. This method is newly indtroduced in API 3.3 (lang3.StringUtils).
  14. static int getLevenshteinDistance(CharSequence str1,CharSequence str2,int threshold) : This method Find the Levenshtein (the number of changes needed to change one String into another, where each change is a single character modification) distance between two Strings if it’s less than or equal to a given threshold. The threshold parameter is optional in lang3.StringUtils and is not available in lang.StringUtils. This method throws an illegalArgumentException – if either String input null
  15. static String removeEnd(String str,String remove) : This method removes a substring only if it is at the end of a source string, otherwise returns the source string. There is also another method : static String removeStart(String str,String remove) to remove substring from the beginning.
  16. static String String removePattern(String source,String regex) : This method removes each substring of the source String that matches the given regular expression using the DOTALL option. This method is newly indtroduced in API 3.2 (lang3.StringUtils).
  17. static String repeat(String str,String separator,int repeat) : This method returns the provided String (str) after repeating it repeat times to form a new String, with a String separator (optional) injected each time.
  18. static String replace(String text,String searchStr,String replacement,int n) : This method replaces the searchStr (search String) provided with the replacement, inside the text, for the first n (optional) times.
  19. static String reverse(String str) : This method returns a String after reversing it as per StringBuilder.reverse().
  20. static String[] split(String str,String separator,int max) : This method splits the provided text into an array with a maximum length, separators specified. The separator is not included in the returned String array. Adjacent separators are treated as one separator. A null input String returns null. A null separatorChars splits on whitespace. If more than max delimited substrings are found, the last returned string includes all characters after the first max – 1 returned strings (including separator characters).
  21. static String strip(String str,String stripChars) : Strips any of a set of characters from the start and end of a String. This is similar to String.trim() but allows the characters to be stripped to be controlled. A null input String returns null. An empty string (“”) input returns the empty string. If the stripChars String is null, whitespace is stripped. Alternatively use strip(String).
  22. static String swapCase(String str) : This method returns the supplied String after changing upper and title case to lower case, and lower case to upper case. A null input String returns null.
  23. static String trim(String str) : This method removes control characters (char <= 32) from both ends of this String, handling null by returning null. The String is trimmed using String.trim(). Trim removes start and end characters <= 32, to strip whitespace use strip(String), to trim your choice of characters, use the strip(String, String) methods.

1.3 StringUtils Methods Usage

  1. The StringUtils.abbreviate(String str,int offset,int maxWidth) method
    The offset parameter is optional. The maxWidth parameter must be atleast 4 if the offset parameter is not provided and must be atleast 7 if provided.Here are some coding examples:

    System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate(null, 1));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("", 4));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefg", 6));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefg", 7));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefg", 8));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefg", 4));

System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", -1, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", 0, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", 1, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", 4, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", 5, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", 6, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", 8, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", 10, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghijklmno", 12, 10));

    Output:-

    null

abc...
abcdefg
abcdefg
a...
abcdefg...
abcdefg...
abcdefg...
abcdefg...
...fghi...
...ghij...
...ijklmno
...ijklmno
...ijklmno

    This two codes will result in an Exception:

    System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefghij", 5, 6));
System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("abcdefg", 3));
  2. The StringUtils.abbreviateMiddle(String str,String middle,int length) method
    This abbreviation only occurs if the following criteria is met:

    • Neither the String for abbreviation nor the replacement String are null or empty
    • The length to truncate to is less than the length of the supplied String
    • The length to truncate to is greater than 0
    • The abbreviated String will have enough room for the length supplied replacement String and the first and last characters of the supplied String for abbreviation

    Otherwise, the returned String will be the same as the supplied String for abbreviation.

    System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviateMiddle("This is Java", "**", 4));

    Output

    T**a
  3. The StringUtils.appendIfMissing(String str,CharSequence suffix,CharSequence... suffixes) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.appendIfMissing("abc", "xyz", "mno"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.appendIfMissing("abcxyz", "xyz", "mno"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.appendIfMissing("abcmno", "xyz", "mno"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.appendIfMissing("abcXYZ", "xyz", "mno"));

    Output

    abcxyz
abcxyz
abcmno
abcXYZxyz

    As you can see This method is case sensitive. There is another method StringUtils.appendIfMissingIgnoreCase(String str,CharSequence suffix,CharSequence... suffixes) which overcomes this limitation.

  4. The StringUtils.center(String str,int Size,char padChar) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.center(null, 2));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("ab", -1));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("ab", 4));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("abcd", 2));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("a", 4));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("", 4, '-'));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("ab", -1, '-'));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("ab", 4, ' '));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("abcd", 2, ' '));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("a", 4, '-'));
System.out.println(StringUtils.center("a", 4, 'y'));

    Output

    null
ab
 ab 
abcd
 a  
----
ab
-ab-
abcd
-a--
yayy
  5. The StringUtils.chop(String str) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.chop("Java Programm!"));

    Output

    Java Program
  6. The StringUtils.deleteWhitespace(String str) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.deleteWhitespace(null));
System.out.println(StringUtils.deleteWhitespace("abc"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.deleteWhitespace("   ab  c  "));

    Output

    null
abc
abc
  7. The StringUtils.difference(String str1,String str2) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.difference("abcde", "abxyz"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.difference("abxyz", "abcde"));

    Output

    xyz
cde
  8. The StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(String... strs) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.getCommonPrefix("i am a machine", "i am a robot","I am s Human"));

    Output

    I am a
  9. The StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(CharSequence first,CharSequence second) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("",""));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("","a"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("aaapppp", ""));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("frog", "fog"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("fly", "ant"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("elephant", "hippo"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "elephant"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("hello", "hallo"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("ABC Corporation", "ABC Corp"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("D N H Enterprises Inc", "D & H Enterprises, Inc."));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("My Gym Children's Fitness Center", "My Gym. Childrens Fitness"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("PENNSYLVANIA", "PENNCISYLVNIA"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance("PENNSYLVANIA", "PENNSYLVANIA"));

    Output

    0.0
0.0
0.0
0.93
0.0
0.44
0.44
0.0
0.88
0.91
0.93
0.94
0.9
1.0
  10. The StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(CharSequence str1,CharSequence str2,int threshold) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("",""));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("","a"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", ""));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("frog", "fog"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("fly", "ant"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "zzzzzzzz"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hello", "hallo"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 8));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 7));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("aaapppp", "", 6));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 7));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("elephant", "hippo", 6));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 7));
System.out.println(StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance("hippo", "elephant", 6));

    Output

    0
1
7
1
3
7
7
8
1
7
7
-1
7
-1
7
-1
  11. The StringUtils.removeEnd(String str,String remove) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.removeEnd("This is Java Code Example","Example"));

    Output

    This is Java Code
  12. The StringUtils.repeat(String str,String separator,int repeat) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.repeat("Rivu","-",6));

    Output

    Rivu-Rivu-Rivu-Rivu-Rivu-Rivu
  13. The StringUtils.replace(String text,String searchStr,String replacement,int n) method
    The n parameter is optional, passing -1 in the n would be similar to not providing the n.

    System.out.println(StringUtils.replace(null,null,null));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("any", null, ""));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("any", "", null));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("any", "", null));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("aba", "a", null));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("aba", "a", ""));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("aba", "a", "z"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("any", null, "", 3));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("any", "", null, 10));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("any", "", "", 3));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("any", "a", "s", 0));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("abaa", "a", null, -1));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("abaa", "a", "", -1));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("abaa", "a", "z", 0));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("abaa", "a", "z", 1));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("abaa", "a", "z", 2));
System.out.println(StringUtils.replace("abaa", "a", "z", -1));

    Output

    null
any
any
any
aba
b
zbz
any
any
any
any
abaa
b
abaa
zbaa
zbza
zbzz
  14. The StringUtils.reverse(String str) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.reverse("Java"));

    Output

    avaJ
  15. The StringUtils.split(String str,String separator,int max) method
    The max parameter is optional

    String str="It is Java Code Geeks";
System.out.println(str);
System.out.println("Splitting str:-");
String[] strs=StringUtils.split(str," ");
for(String s:strs)
{
	System.out.println(s);
}

    Output

    It
is
Java
Code
Geeks
  16. The StringUtils.strip(String str,String stripChars)
    String xx="java to java";
System.out.println("before strip : "+xx);
String s=StringUtils.strip(xx, "aj");
System.out.println("After strip : "+s);

    Output

    before strip : java to java
After strip : va to jav
  17. The StringUtils.swapCase(String str) method
    System.out.println(StringUtils.swapCase("This is Funny"));

    Output

    tHIS IS fUNNY
  18. The StringUtils.isAllLowerCase(String str) method
    static boolean isAllLowerCase(String str) returns true if all the containings of the passed String is in lower case.

    System.out.println(StringUtils.isAllLowerCase("this will return true"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.isAllLowerCase("this will returN false"));

    Output

    true
false
  19. The StringUtils.isAllUpperCase(String str) method
    static boolean isAllUpperCase(String str) returns true if all the containings of the passed String is in upper case.

    System.out.println(StringUtils.isAllUpperCase("THIS WILL RETURN TRUE"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.isAllUpperCase("THIS will returN false"));

    Output

    true
false
  20. The StringUtils.isAlpha(String str) method
    static boolean isAlpha(String str) returns true if the passed String contains only Unicode letters.

    System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlpha("abc"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlpha("a 2bc"));

    Output

    true
false
  21. The StringUtils.isAlphaSpace(String str) method
    static boolean isAlphaSpace(String str) returns true if the passed String contains only Unicode letters and space (‘ ‘).

    System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlphaSpace("ab c"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlphaSpace("a 2bc"));

    Output

    true
false
  22. The StringUtils.isAlphanumeric(String str) method
    static boolean isAlphanumeric(String str) returns true if the passed String contains only Unicode letters or digits.

    System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlphanumeric("ab2c"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlphanumeric("a 2bc"));

    Output

    true
false
  23. The StringUtils.isAlphanumericSpace(String str) method
    static boolean isAlphanumericSpace(String str) returns true if the passed String contains only Unicode letters, digits or space (‘ ‘).

    System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlphanumericSpace("ab2c"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlphanumericSpace("a 2bc"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlphanumericSpace("a-2bc"));

    Output

    true
true
false
  24. The StringUtils.isAsciiPrintable(String str) method
    static boolean isAsciiPrintable(String str) returns true if the passed String contains only ASCII printable characters.

    System.out.println(StringUtils.isAsciiPrintable("!ab-c~"));
System.out.println(StringUtils.isAsciiPrintable("Ceki G�lc�"));

    Output

    true
false

2. StringUtils Example

The complete StringUtilsExample.java

package stringutilsexample;

import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Random;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

public class StringUtilsExample {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String str="love Java Programm",str2="jAva";
		
		System.out.println("Using the StringUtils Class");
		
		//Using StringUtils.abbreviate()
		System.out.println("Using StringUtils.abbreviate()");
		System.out.println("str = "+str);
		String abstr=StringUtils.abbreviate(str, 14);
		System.out.println("After abbreviation abstr="+abstr);
		abstr=StringUtils.abbreviate(str, 7, 14);
		System.out.println("After abbreviation abstr="+abstr);
		
		//Using StringUtils.abbreviateMiddle()
		abstr=StringUtils.abbreviateMiddle(str, "...", 16);
		System.out.println("After abbreviation abstr="+abstr);
		
		//Using StringUtils.appendIfMissingIgnoreCase()
		str=StringUtils.appendIfMissingIgnoreCase(str, "ing", "ing","s");
		System.out.println("After appending str becomes : "+str);
		
		//Using StringUtils.prependIfMissingIgnoreCase()
		str=StringUtils.prependIfMissingIgnoreCase(str, "Rivu ", "Rivu","I");
		System.out.println("After prepending str becomes : "+str);
				
		//Using StringUtils.reverse()
		System.out.println("Reverse str : "+StringUtils.reverse(str));
		//Using StringUtils.capitalize()
		System.out.println("str2 = "+str2);
		str2=StringUtils.capitalize(str2);
		System.out.println("After capitalize : "+str2);
		
		//Using StringUtils.uncapitalize()
		System.out.println("str2 = "+str2);
		str2=StringUtils.uncapitalize(str2);
		System.out.println("After uncapitalize : "+str2);

		//Using StringUtils.swapCase()
		System.out.println("str2 = "+str2);
		str2=StringUtils.swapCase(str2);
		System.out.println("After swap case : "+str2);		
		
		//Using StringUtils.lowerCase()
		System.out.println("str2 = "+str2);
		str2=StringUtils.lowerCase(str2);
		System.out.println("After lower case : "+str2);
		
		//Using StringUtils.lowerCase()
		System.out.println("str2 = "+str2);
		str2=StringUtils.upperCase(str2);
		System.out.println("After upper case : "+str2);
		
		//Using StringUtils.center()
		System.out.println("str2 = "+str2);
		String cstr=StringUtils.center(str2, 10, '-');
		System.out.println("After centerring : "+cstr);
		
		//Using StringUtils.chomp()
		str2=str2+"\n";
		System.out.println("str2 ="+str2+"With new Line");
		str2=StringUtils.chomp(str2);
		System.out.println("Now str2 = "+str2+" After chomp");
		
		//Using StringUtils.contains()
		if(StringUtils.containsIgnoreCase(str, "JAVA"))
			System.out.println(str+" is about Java");
		else
			System.out.println(str+" is not about Java");
		
		//Using StringUtils.deleteWhiteSpace()
		System.out.println("str = "+str);
		String newstr=StringUtils.deleteWhitespace(str);
		System.out.println("newstr = "+newstr);
		
		//Using StringUtils.chop()
		System.out.println("cstr ="+cstr);
		cstr=StringUtils.chop(cstr);
		System.out.println(" After chop : "+cstr);
		
		//Using StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase()
		if(StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(str, "ing"))
			System.out.println(str+" ends with a \"ing\"");
		else
			System.out.println(str+" does not ends with a \"ing\"");
		
		//Using StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase()
		if(StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(str, "rivu"))
			System.out.println(str+" starts with a \"rivu\"");
		else
			System.out.println(str+" does not starts with \"Rivu\"");
				
		String x="This is a String",x1="This is String 1",x2="This is String 2",x3="This is a String";
		System.out.println("x = "+x);
		System.out.println("x1 = "+x1);
		System.out.println("x2 = "+x2);
		System.out.println("x2 = "+x3);
		
		//using StringUtils.equals()
		if(StringUtils.equals(x1, x2))
			System.out.println("x1 and x2 are equal");
		else
			System.out.println("x1 and x2 are not equal");
		if(StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(x, x3))
			System.out.println("x and x3 are equal");
		else
			System.out.println("x and x3 are not equal");
		
		//using StringUtils.difference()
		String d1=StringUtils.difference(x, x1);
		System.out.println("Difference between x and x1 : "+d1);
		String d2=StringUtils.difference(x1, x2);
		System.out.println("Difference between x1 and x2 : "+d2);
		String d3=StringUtils.difference(x1, x);
		System.out.println("Difference between x1 and x : "+d3);
		
		//using StringUtils.getCommonPrefix()
		System.out.println("Common Prefix in x,x1,x2,x3 is : "+StringUtils.getCommonPrefix(x,x1,x2,x3));
		
		//using StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance()
		double jw1=StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(x, x1);
		double jw2=StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(x1, x2);
		double jw3=StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(x2, x3);
		double jw4=StringUtils.getJaroWinklerDistance(x, x3);
		System.out.println("Jaro Winkler Distance between x and x1 : "+jw1);
		System.out.println("Jaro Winkler Distance between x1 and x2 : "+jw2);
		System.out.println("Jaro Winkler Distance between x2 and x3 : "+jw3);
		System.out.println("Jaro Winkler Distance between x and x3 : "+jw4);
		
		//using StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance()
		int l1=StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(x, x1);
		int l2=StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(x1, x2);
		int l3=StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(x2, x3);
		int l4=StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(x, x3);
		int l5=StringUtils.getLevenshteinDistance(x2, x3, 3);
		System.out.println("Levenshtein Distance between x and x1 : "+l1);
		System.out.println("Levenshtein Distance between x1 and x2 : "+l2);
		System.out.println("Levenshtein Distance between x2 and x3 : "+l3);
		System.out.println("Levenshtein Distance between x and x3 : "+l4);
		System.out.println("Levenshtein Distance between x2 and x3 upto threshold 3 : "+l5);
		
		//Using StringUtils.isAllLowerCase()
		System.out.println("isAllLowerCase(str) = "+StringUtils.isAllLowerCase(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isAllUpperCase()
		System.out.println("isAllUpperCase(str) = "+StringUtils.isAllUpperCase(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isAlpha()
		System.out.println("isAlpha(str) = "+StringUtils.isAlpha(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isAlphanumeric()
		System.out.println("isAlphanumeric(str) = "+StringUtils.isAlphanumeric(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isAlphanumericSpace()
		System.out.println("isAlphanumericSpace(str) = "+StringUtils.isAlphanumericSpace(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isAlphaSpace()
		System.out.println("isAlphaSpace(str) = "+StringUtils.isAlphaSpace(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isAnyBlank()
		System.out.println("isAnyBlank(str) = "+StringUtils.isAnyBlank(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isAnyEmpty()
		System.out.println("isAnyEmpty(str) = "+StringUtils.isAnyEmpty(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isAsciiPrintable()
		System.out.println("isAsciiPrintable(str) = "+StringUtils.isAsciiPrintable(str));
		//Using StringUtils.isBlank()
		System.out.println("isBlank(str) = "+StringUtils.isBlank(str));
		
		//Using StringUtils.rightPad()
		System.out.println("Before Rightpad : "+cstr);
		String rp=StringUtils.rightPad(cstr, 15, 'x');
		System.out.println("After Rightpad : "+rp);

		//Using StringUtils.replace()
		rp=StringUtils.replace(rp, "-", ".");
		System.out.println("After replace "+rp);
		
		//Using StringUtils.repeat()
		rp=StringUtils.repeat(rp, ">", 5);
		System.out.println("After repeat "+rp);
		
		//Using StringUtils.split()
		System.out.println("Splitting str:-");
		String[] strs=StringUtils.split(str," ");
		for(String s:strs)
		{
			System.out.println(s);
		}
		
		//Using StringUtils.strip()
		String xx="java to java";
		System.out.println("before strip : "+xx);
		String s=StringUtils.strip(xx, "aj");
		System.out.println("After strip : "+s);
		
	}

}

Output

Using the StringUtils Class
Using StringUtils.abbreviate()
str = love Java Programm
After abbreviation abstr=love Java P...
After abbreviation abstr=...va Programm
After abbreviation abstr=love Ja...ogramm
After appending str becomes : love Java Programming
After prepending str becomes : Rivu love Java Programming
Reverse str : gnimmargorP avaJ evol uviR
str2 = jAva
After capitalize : JAva
str2 = JAva
After uncapitalize : jAva
str2 = jAva
After swap case : JaVA
str2 = JaVA
After lower case : java
str2 = java
After upper case : JAVA
str2 = JAVA
After centerring : ---JAVA---
str2 =JAVA
With new Line
Now str2 = JAVA After chomp
Rivu love Java Programming is about Java
str = Rivu love Java Programming
newstr = RivuloveJavaProgramming
cstr =---JAVA---
 After chop : ---JAVA--
Rivu love Java Programming ends with a "ing"
Rivu love Java Programming starts with a "rivu"
x = This is a String
x1 = This is String 1
x2 = This is String 2
x2 = This is a String
x1 and x2 are not equal
x and x3 are equal
Difference between x and x1 : String 1
Difference between x1 and x2 : 2
Difference between x1 and x : a String
Common Prefix in x,x1,x2,x3 is : This is 
Jaro Winkler Distance between x and x1 : 0.94
Jaro Winkler Distance between x1 and x2 : 0.98
Jaro Winkler Distance between x2 and x3 : 0.94
Jaro Winkler Distance between x and x3 : 1.0
Levenshtein Distance between x and x1 : 4
Levenshtein Distance between x1 and x2 : 1
Levenshtein Distance between x2 and x3 : 4
Levenshtein Distance between x and x3 : 0
Levenshtein Distance between x2 and x3 upto threshold 3 : -1
isAllLowerCase(str) = false
isAllUpperCase(str) = false
isAlpha(str) = false
isAlphanumeric(str) = false
isAlphanumericSpace(str) = true
isAlphaSpace(str) = true
isAnyBlank(str) = false
isAnyEmpty(str) = false
isAsciiPrintable(str) = true
isBlank(str) = false
Before Rightpad : ---JAVA--
After Rightpad : ---JAVA--xxxxxx
After replace ...JAVA..xxxxxx
After repeat ...JAVA..xxxxxx>...JAVA..xxxxxx>...JAVA..xxxxxx>...JAVA..xxxxxx>...JAVA..xxxxxx
Splitting str:-
Rivu
love
Java
Programming
before strip : java to java
After strip : va to jav

2.1 Conclusion

In this Example I have used most significant methods of the StringUtils class. I have used the ‘IgnoreCase’ variants of the methods (where applicable). I marked the use of every method by comments, so you will easily get that on which portion of the example I am working on which method.

3. Download the Example

This was an example for StringUtils in Apache Commons lang3.

Download
You can download the full source code of this example here : StringUtilsExample.zip
Photo of Rivu Chakraborty Rivu ChakrabortyDecember 16th, 2014Last Updated: January 12th, 2015
0 1,006 13 minutes read
Photo of Rivu Chakraborty

Rivu Chakraborty

Rivu Chakraborty is a Google Certified Android Developer, Sr. Tech Member of Institute of Engineers (India), he also have certifications on Scrum. He is also an author of multiple books on Kotlin, Reactive Programming, Functional Programming and Android Development, published by renowned publication houses. Having total 5+ years of experience he is presently working as a Sr. Software Engineer (Android) at Indus Net Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Rivu Chakraborty considers himself a Kotlin and Android enthusiast and a Kotlin evangelist. He has been using Kotlin since December 2015, so he has around 2 years' experience in Kotlin. As part of his mission to expand the use and knowledge of the Kotlin Language as much as possible, he created the KotlinKolkata User Group, one of the most active Kotlin user groups throughout the world and he is a Founder Organizer of KotlinKolkata. He is also an active member of GDG Kolkata and gives talks at GDG Kolkata Meetups.
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