Spring Data Solr Example

Chandan SinghAugust 18th, 2015Last Updated: April 23rd, 2019

1 249 5 minutes read

In this example, we will demonstrate how to integrate Spring data with Apache Solr.

Solr is a search engine built on top of Apache Lucene library. It can be communicated with a REST like HTTP API because of which it can be easily be consumed as a REST-ful web-service irrespective of the underlying programming language used in the application which is calling the Solr Server. However, for the sake of this example we will be using Java as the programming language and Spring Data as the framework.

The Spring Data Solr is the module of Spring Data that provides support for Solr. As with the other examples in this series, this module supports both for derived queries (based on the method name) and the annotated query.

1. Implementation

Download the Apache Solr from here. The version at the time of publishing this blog was 5.2.1. Unzip the downloaded file, change directory to location where Solr bin is unzipped and run the following commands :

solr start -p 8983

solr create -c jcg

The first command start the solr server, while the second command creates a core, an index. Verify if the server is up by hitting the URL : http://localhost:8983/solr. In version 5.2 of Solr, the solrconfig.xml uses the ManagedIndexSchemaFactory as the schemaFactory. However, we will be using the ClassicIndexSchemaFactory for this example. Make the following changes to do so:

Go to $(Solr_Home)/server/solr/$(core_name)/conf and rename the managed-schema to schema.xml.
Comment out the existing schameFactory tag and add the following line :
```
  <schemaFactory class="ClassicIndexSchemaFactory"/>
```
Reload the core at the URL mentioned above in the Cores tab

Now that the core is setup, we need to add our fields to the schema.xml.

<field name="id" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true" required="true" multiValued="false" />
	<field name="title" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true" required="false" multiValued="false" />
	<field name="description" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true" required="false" multiValued="false" />

That’s all on the Solr side. The core is now up and ready to use. Let’s start coding on the Application side.

We need to have following JAR Files to connect to Solr Server:

aopalliance-1.0
commons-io-1.3.2
commons-lang3-3.4
commons-logging-1.1.3
httpclient-4.3.6
httpcore-4.4.1
httpmime-4.3.6
noggit-0.7
slf4j-api-1.7.5
solr-solrj-4.10.3
spring-aop-4.1.4.RELEASE
spring-beans-4.1.4.RELEASE
spring-core-4.1.4.RELEASE
spring-context-4.1.4.RELEASE
spring-data-commons-1.10.2.RELEASE
spring-data-solr-1.4.2.RELEASE
spring-expression-4.2.0.RELEASE
spring-tx-3.1.1.RELEASE

Create a project in eclipse or any IDE and add the JAR files downloaded above. Now that the project is setup, we start with the coding phase :

First, we create an Entity that is to be persisted in the Solr for searching later.

Book.java

package com.jcg.examples.entity;


import java.io.Serializable;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.beans.Field;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;

public class Book implements Serializable
{

		private static final long serialVersionUID = -8243145429438016231L;
		
		@Id
		@Field
		private String id;
		
		@Field
		private String title;
		
		@Field
		private String description;
		
		public String getId() {
			return id;
		}

		public void setId(String id) {
			this.id = id;
		}

		public String getTitle()
		{
				return title;
		}

		public void setTitle(String title)
		{
				this.title = title;
		}

		public String getDescription()
		{
				return description;
		}

		public void setDescription(String description)
		{
				this.description = description;
		}
		
		

		@Override
		public int hashCode()
		{
				final int prime = 31;
				int result = 1;
				result = prime * result + ((description == null) ? 0 : description.hashCode());
				result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
				result = prime * result + ((title == null) ? 0 : title.hashCode());
				return result;
		}

		@Override
		public boolean equals(Object obj)
		{
				if (this == obj)
						return true;
				if (obj == null)
						return false;
				if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
						return false;
				Book other = (Book) obj;
				if (description == null)
				{
						if (other.description != null)
								return false;
				}
				else if (!description.equals(other.description))
						return false;
				if (id == null)
				{
						if (other.id != null)
								return false;
				}
				else if (!id.equals(other.id))
						return false;
				if (title == null)
				{
						if (other.title != null)
								return false;
				}
				else if (!title.equals(other.title))
						return false;
				return true;
		}

		@Override
		public String toString()
		{
				return "Book [id=" + id + ", title=" + title + ", description=" + description + "]";
		}

}

The id field is the unique/Primary field defined in the schema.xml and the same is annotated with @Id. The @Field is used to mark the other fields in the schema. In case the name of the field is different in the schema.xml, we pass the name of the field in the value attribute of the @Field annotation.

Next, we configure the repository which will help us in persisting the Book Entity to the Solr Server:

BookRepo.java

package com.jcg.examples.repo;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.data.solr.repository.Query;

import com.jcg.examples.entity.Book;

public interface BookRepo extends CrudRepository<Book, Long>
{

		@Query("title:?0")
		public Book findByBookTitle(String name);
		
}

The Spring Data provides a number of inbuilt method for manipulating the Data. We need not write the queries for basic data manipulation and reading. It is achieved by extending the CrudRepository and declaring the proper Generics as per the Entity, which in our case is the <Book, Long>.

In case the Developer is not satisfied with the existing method, he can create his own method by specifying the Query using the @Query annotation. In the BookRepo class, the findByBookTitle method searches for the argument passed in the title field of the jcg Solr Core.

The Spring IoC Container creates an instance of this Repository and makes it available to be used as a Factory Bean.

The last and the most important part is to configure the Spring Container using the spring-config.xml:

spring-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:solr="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/solr"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/solr http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/solr/spring-solr.xsd">
 
    													
    <solr:repositories base-package="com.jcg.examples.repo"/>
 
        <!-- Define HTTP Solr server -->
        <solr:solr-server id="solrServer"  url="http://localhost:8983/solr/jcg"/>
 
        <!-- Define Solr template -->
        <bean id="solrTemplate"  class="org.springframework.data.solr.core.SolrTemplate">
            <constructor-arg index="0" ref="solrServer"/>
        </bean>
</beans>

Line 10: Scan the packages for initializing Cassandra Repositories.
Line 13: Provide the port ,host and core for instance of Solr Server we wish to connect with the Application.
Line 16: reate an instance of SolrTemplate which will communicate with the Solr Server to execute the queries.

Now that all is set, let’s run the application and test out the code! Here’s Application class that loads the XML file to instantiate the Spring Container and execute a few queries.

Application.java

package com.jcg.examples.test;


import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;

import com.jcg.examples.entity.Book;
import com.jcg.examples.repo.BookRepo;


public class Application
{
		public static void main(String[] args)
		{
				ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new ClassPathResource("resources/spring-config.xml").getPath());
				BookRepo bookRepo = context.getBean(BookRepo.class);

				Book rrs = new Book();
				rrs.setId("1");
				rrs.setTitle("Red Storm Rising");
				rrs.setDescription("World War III");
				bookRepo.save(rrs);
				
				
				Book hobbit = new Book();
				hobbit.setId("3");
				hobbit.setTitle("Hobbit");
				hobbit.setDescription("Prelude to LOTR");
				bookRepo.save(hobbit);
				
				
				System.out.println(bookRepo.findOne(1l));
				System.out.println(bookRepo.findByBookTitle("Hobbit"));

				context.close();

		}
}

In the Application class we created two instances of Book class and persisted them to the Solr Server. We then fetch the record from the core by the unique key. Next we fetch the data by executing the explicit query in the BookRepo class.

Here’s the sample output of the program:

Aug 17, 2015 12:56:56 AM org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@28fa1b85: startup date [Mon Aug 17 00:56:56 IST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
Aug 17, 2015 12:56:56 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [resources/spring-config.xml]
SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
Book [id=1, title=Red Storm Rising, description=World War III]
Book [id=3, title=Hobbit, description=Prelude to LOTR]
Aug 17, 2015 12:56:57 AM org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext doClose
INFO: Closing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@28fa1b85: startup date [Mon Aug 17 00:56:56 IST 2015]; root of context hierarchy